But within minutes it began to fall, and by 2:30 pm it had touched $1.217 - a drop of 0.8 per cent.
It hit its lowest point during a speech by Brexit Secretary David Davis.
Davis promised to get the best possible terms for the UK as it leaves the EU, but refused to say whether it had ruled out retaining membership of the single market.
He said: “We have been pretty clear on the overarching aims. Not the detailed aims. We’re not even at the point that that’s possible."
The pound was trading below $1.22 against the dollar at 5pm, having earlier climbed as high as $1.2325 as the lift from the Government's earlier promise of a "full and transparent debate" on Britain's exit from the EU faded away.
Since the referendum on June 23, the pound has lost nearly 18 per cent of its value against the dollar.
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This is a bigger fall than that seen during the 2008 financial crash, when the pound dropped 16 per cent.
It is almost as large as the devaluation triggered by Black Wednesday in 1992, when the pound plunged by 19 per cent after leaving the Exchange Rate Mechanism.
Michael Hewson of CMC Markets said that trying to find a natural level for sterling is going to be difficult in the short term.
Hewson said: “Due to the amount of political uncertainty being generated on both sides of the Channel, as both sides dance on the edge of the volcano, in laying out their negotiating positions, which for now appear a long way apart.”
Additional reporting by PA
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