Tony Blair's claim that Iraq was within 45 minutes of launching weapons of mass destruction a central plank of his case for war fell apart yesterday as the Foreign Secretary formally withdrew the infamous claim and revealed MI6 had abandoned its source for the bogus intelligence.
In a humiliating climbdown, Jack Straw told MPs in a special Commons statement that MI6 has severed ties with the sources for both the 45-minute claim and intelligence that Saddam Hussein had produced a biological weapons agent in 2000.
The decision to lay to rest the most notorious intelligence claim in the case for war increased pressure from Labour and opposition MPs for the Prime Minister to make a full personal apology for the decision to invade Iraq "on a false premise".
Sir Menzies Campbell, the Liberal Democrat deputy leader, said: "The withdrawal of the 45-minute claim drives a horse and cart through government credibility."
"The building blocks of the Government's case for military action are crumbling before our eyes."
The party's leader, Charles Kennedy, wrote to the Prime Minister yesterday accusing him of "avoiding answering" questions on the absence of WMD following the conclusion by the Iraq Survey Group that Saddam Hussein possessed none and may have destroyed his stockpiles a decade earlier.
Mr Kennedy called on Mr Blair to make a personal statement today on the findings, when he appears at the dispatch box to answer Prime Minister's questions.
"The Iraq Survey Group Report shows beyond doubt that we went to war in Iraq on a false premise. The Prime Minister must not avoid these questions any longer and he should not bypass Parliament," he said.
Mr Straw said yesterday the Prime Minister had accepted in his speech at the Labour party conference that "some of the information on which we based our judgements was wrong" but he defended the dossier and assessments of the Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC).
"That dossier accurately reflected the views of the JIC at the time that it was signed off by them," he said. "Far from the dossier being some confection, it was based on the best judgements not just of ourselves but of the wider international community. Everybody assumed Saddam had these weapons."
The withdrawal of the claim caps a remarkable fortnight of backtracking by Governments on both sides of the Atlantic. At the Labour Party conference, Mr Blair went some way towards apologising for the faulty intelligence used to justify the war. Donald Rumsfeld, the US Defence Secretary, said there were no concrete links between Iraq and al-Qa'ida. And last week, Patricia Hewitt, the Trade Secretary, went even further by actually saying "sorry" for the way intelligence such as the 45-minute claim was used.
Yesterday, the Foreign Office also took the extraordinary step of releasing a document indicating that Dr Hans Blix, the former UN chief weapons inspector, believed a draft of the UK's 2002 dossier on Iraqi weapons may have understated the extent of Saddam's chemical weapons capacity.
According to an internal memo dated September 2002 about a discussion with Dr Blix about a draft of the dossier he thought the document, two weeks before its publication, "did not exaggerate the facts".
But the decision to publish the internal memo from the UK mission to the United Nations in New York was seen at Westminster as a diversionary tactic and an attempt to "undermine" the inspector who became a vocal critic of the Government's case for war.
Robin Cook, the former foreign secretary, pointed out that Dr Blix did not return to Iraq for inspections until the end of November 2002."What he is saying in September reflects what was around in the ether at the time. But not his subsequent statements after he was in Iraq," Mr Cook said.
Sir Menzies Campbell, the Liberal Democrat deputy leader, said: "By releasing this document the Government is seeking to undermine Dr Blix. But this is hardly likely to wash with public opinion in this country. If the people of Britain are asked who they believe over the subject of WMD in Iraq then Dr Blix is likely to come top of the poll."
Yesterday, in a Commons statement Jack Straw said John Scarlett, the MI6 Chief, had formally dropped the source of intelligence on the 45-minute claim and a "liaison service" which came up with the false claim that Saddam Hussein had produced a biological weapons agent in 2000. The same liaison service had passed on information from a source reporting that Iraq had developed mobile facilities to produce biological weapons agents, which was also subject to doubt.
Mr Straw told MPs: "The Chief of SIS (Secret intelligence Service) has now written to the Intelligence and Security Committee (ISC) to inform the committee that, as a result of further investigation by SIS, both these lines of intelligence reporting have been formally withdrawn."
The formal climbdown follows criticism in the Butler report on intelligence published in July of the 45-minute claim. Lord Butler disclosed that M16 had withdrawn the intelligence from a source as it was now considered unreliable.
Information about Iraqi production of biological agent - believed to have been passed to MI6 by the intelligence service of another undisclosed country - was also criticised in the Butler Report as "seriously flawed".
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