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In Ukraine, the collapse of the Soviet Union saw business and politics become intertwined: the country’s oligarchs were clear beneficiaries. Today, there are scores of super-rich MPs who wield power as the owners of several television stations, all the while keeping close ties to the political elite.
But some of these allegiances are being severely tested. Until now Ukraine’s richest man, Rinat Akhmetov, an ally of President Viktor Yanukovych, was better known in Britain for his extravagant purchase of the penthouse at One Hyde Park, one of London’s most exclusive addresses, for £136m, rather than for his work on political reconciliation.
This week the 47-year-old denounced the bloodshed in Kiev, issuing a statement that said: “Rinat Akhmetov urges an end to the bloodshed in the streets of Kiev and calls on all the opposing parties to return to the negotiation process immediately and continue to work without any delay until a solution is found that would take Ukraine out of this deep political crisis.”
That did not wash with a lone protester mounting a vigil outside Mr Akhmetov’s London address today. Draped in a Ukrainian flag and holding a banner reading “Ukraine – it’s on fire”, Andriy Alexsyeyev, a 43-year-old designer who lives in London, was hoping to catch a glimpse of the oligarch. It is understood that Mr Akhmetov flew to Britain this evening.
“I think he has influence on the president and the members of the Parliament,” Mr Alexsyeyev said. “Yesterday was the worst day in the history of Ukraine. It’s time to think about the situation from outside, not inside the fight. People think for Ukraine it’s a choice between Russia and Europe, but that’s not true, it’s about corruption and all the wrong decisions that the Ukrainian government has made for the last 20 years.”
In pictures: Ukraine uprisingShow all 100 1 /100In pictures: Ukraine uprising In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine People light candles during a religious service at a church in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A child lights a candle on a makeshift memorial to anti-government protesters killed in the past weeks' clashes with riot police on Kiev's Independence Square
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Newly freed Ukrainian opposition icon Yulia Tymoshenko speaks at Independence Square moments after parliament voted to hold early presidential elections in May. Tymoshenko received a rapturous welcome on Independence Square. 'You are heroes, you are the best of Ukraine' she told the 50,000-strong crowd before breaking down in tears
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine People visit the Independence square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine People walk by barrycades and makeshift memorials to the victims of the riots in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine People lay flowers on the Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Maidan self-defence activists stand on an armored vehicle in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine People gather for prayers and to listen to speakers in Independence Square
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A woman with a Ukrainian flag wrapped around her sholders looks on as she lights a candle at a makeshift memorial to anti-government protesters killed in the past weeks' clashes with riot police
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine The body of Ustim Holodnyuk (19) who was killed in fighting between anti-government protesters and police, is carried from Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester injured during clashes with riot police receives medical care at a makeshift hospital in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protestors build a barricade at the Independent square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters shout 'Glory to the Ukraine' as they man a barricade at Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government demonstrator holds a burning tire as he build a barricade at the Independent square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government demonstrator builds a barricade with burning tires at the Independent square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government demonstrator throws a burning tire as he build a barricade at the Independent square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters carry an injured man on a stretcher after clashes with riot police in the Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters cheer while they managed to break police blockade in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters take cover while under fire from police snipers during clashes with riot police in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters hold petrol bombs during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters carry an injured man on a stretcher after clashes with riot police in the Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters walk on a puddle of blood left by a wounded demonstrator during clashes with the police in the center of Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester holds a firearm as he mans a barricade on the outskirts of Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An Otrthodox priest gestures after clashes between anti-government protesters and riot police in the Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An elderly protester smokes during a break in clashes with police in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A protestor carries food for demonstrators on the barricades during the face off against heavily-armed police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester reacts following clashes with riot police in Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Two anti-government protesters use a large drum after violence erupted in the Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A man plays the trumpet as anti-government protesters continue to clash with police in Independence square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Riot police fire at anti government demonstrators on the Independence square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti government demonstrators carry a wounded comrade during clashes with riot police on the Independence square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A protester shouts slogans as he stands behind barricades during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A protester throws a petrol bomb as he stands behind barricades during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Ukraine's embattled leader announced a 'truce' with the opposition as he prepared to get grilled by visiting EU diplomats over clashes that killed 26 and left the government facing diplomatic isolation
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters burn as they stand behind burning barricades during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters continue to clash with police in Independence square, despite a truce agreed between the Ukrainian president and opposition leaders in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A protester sits on a statue while others stand on a barricade during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters carry a wounded protester during clashes with police, after gaining new positions near the Independence square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protester carries bottles during the clashes with police in Independence square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters walk and stand near a burning bus at the Institutskaya Street close to the central Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters stand behind burning barricades during a face-off against police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters escort a 'captured' policeman near Independence square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Violent clashes erupted in Kiev following renewed anti-government protests, with the death toll rising to 25
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protesters prays in Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protester throws Molotov cocktail at the police in Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Injured anti-government protester at the Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters in Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters carry a roundwood as they gather in Independence Square in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester looks on as smoke from a fire rises above Independence Square in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters at the Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Ukrainian protesters poured on to a central Kiev square to confront police anew after the bloodiest day since the former Soviet republic, caught in a geopolitical struggle between Russia and the West, won its independence
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Interior Ministry officers walk in formation as smoke rises above Independence Square where anti-government protesters are holding a rally in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Smoke rises above Independence Square as clashes between anti-government protesters with Interior Ministry members and riot police continue in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A trade union building is seen on fire in Independence Square in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Interior Ministry members and riot police block a street as anti-government protesters gather in front of them amidst heavy smoke during clashes in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Ukrainian riot police take cover behind their shields during clashes with anti-government protesters near Independence Square in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Ukrainian riot police stand in front of the fire ring around of the Independence Square during the continuing protest in downtown Kiev
EPA
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Flames engulfed the main anti-government protest camp on Independence Square as riot police
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters clash with the police during their storming of Independence Square in Kiev
Sergei Supinsky/AFP/Getty Images
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters clash with the police during their storming of Independence Square in Kiev. Flames engulfed the main anti-government protest camp on Kiev's Independence Square on Tuesday as riot police tried to force demonstrators out following the bloodiest clashes in three months of protests
Genya Savilov/AFP/Getty Images
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Monuments to Kiev's founders burn as anti-government protesters clash with riot police in Kiev's Independence Square
Efrem Lukatsky/AP
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Riot police storm Kiev's Independence Square
Efrem Lukatsky/AP
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Riot police storm Kiev's Independence Square, the epicenter of the country's current unrest
Efrem Lukatsky/AP
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters clash with riot police in Kiev's Independence Square
Efrem Lukatsky/AP
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester runs during clashes with riot police in Kiev's Independence Square
Efrem Lukatsky/AP
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters clash with riot police in Kiev's Independence Square, the epicenter of the country's current unrest
Efrem Lukatsky/AP
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Ukrainians gather on the Independence Square during continuing protest in Kiev; smoke is visible in the sky, above the city
Igor Kovalenko/EPA
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Smoke from exploding fireworks and fires billows into the night sky as Ukrainians gather on the Independence Square during continuing protest in Kiev
Igor Kovalenko/EPA
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Police clash with anti-government protesters in Kiev. Police on Tuesday began an assault on the main anti-government protest camp in Kiev after a day of bloody clashes, AFP journalists at the scene said
Anatolii Boiko/AFP/Getty Images
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government demonstrators stand on barricades during clashes with riot police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An opposition demonstrator holds a Molotov cocktail during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Injured anti-government protesters look on a policeman during clashes with riot police outside Ukraine's parliament in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Wounded people walk after clashes with riot police in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government female protesters help an injured comrade during clashes with riot police outside Ukraine's parliament in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Injured anti-government protesters during clashes with riot police outside Ukraine's parliament in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters carry a wounded man during clashes with riot police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Opposition demonstrators evacuate a wounded protester during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Red Cross workers give first aid to policemen wounded during clashes with anti-government protester in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An injured anti-government protester lies on the ground during clashes with riot police outside Ukraine's parliament in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Interior ministry members take cover behind shields during clashes with anti-government protesters in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Opposition demonstrators stand in front of burning barricades during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters clash with police in front of the Ukrainian Parliment in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A protester holds a makeshft shield in front of a burning car during clashes with police in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters shield themselves during clashes with riot police in central Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Interior Ministry members are on fire, caused by molotov cocktails hurled by anti-government protesters, as they stand guard during clashes in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters clash with riot police as a rainbow appears during continuing protests in downtown Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters clashed violently with police in central Kiev, a day after Moscow moved to cement its influence over Ukraine with $2 billion in cash to shore up the former Soviet state's heavily indebted economy
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine People speak near a barricade on fire during clashes between anti-government protesters and Interior Ministry members in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Two wounded policemen are guided to the ambulance cars during an anti-government protest in downtown Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters take over the main office of the ruling Ukrainian 'Party of Regions' political party in downtown Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters attempt to break a door inside an office of the pro-presidential Party of the Regions in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A protester inside the main office of the ruling Ukrainian Party of Regions political party in downtown Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester dressed in Ukrainian national dress throws a stone during clashes with riot police outside Ukraine's parliament in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Anti-government protesters gather by the entrance as they attack an office of the pro-presidential Party of the Regions in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine A young anti-government protester looks on during clashes with police in front of the Ukrainian Parliment in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester wears a gas mask during clashes with Interior Ministry members in Kiev. Several thousand anti-government protesters clashed with police near Ukraine's parliament torching vehicles and hurling stones in the worst violence to rock the capital Kiev in more than three weeks
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Thousands of angry anti-government protesters clashed with police in a new eruption of violence following new maneuvering by Russia and the European Union to gain influence over this former Soviet republic
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine An anti-government protester threatens riot police outside Ukraine's parliament in Kiev
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine Protesters marched toward the parliament to demand constitutional reforms that would curb the powers of President Viktor Yanukovych. Ukraine has been mired in political crisis since November 2013 after the government backed away from a trade agreement with the European Union and signed a 15-billion-dollar loan deal with Russia instead
In pictures: Ukraine uprising Ukraine At least five anti-government protesters were killed and some 150 others injured in fresh clashes between police and demonstrators protesting near Ukraine's parliament building in Kiev
Victor Pinchuk is married to the only daughter of the controversial former president Leonid Kuchma. He counts Tony Blair as a friend and has hosted Bill Clinton and the businessman George Soros in Ukraine.
Unlike Mr Akhmetov, however, he is not considered a loyalist to President Yanukovych. His stance has been more muted. “It is time for all sides to take courageous steps towards compromise that they may not yet have been ready to take even this morning,” he has said. “Ukraine since its independence has avoided bloodshed. We must return to this tradition immediately.”
There has been no statement so far from Petro Poroshenko, the wealthiest oligarch openly backing the anti-government protests. Once dubbed a “cross between Willy Wonka and Che Guevara”, Mr Poroshenko, a confectionary billionaire, has reportedly been seen handing out chocolate on Independence Square and at the occupied trade union building where the opposition has established its headquarters.
But he also has experience of working with both sides of Ukraine’s political divide, having served as foreign minister under Viktor Yushchenko and Yulia Tymoshenko, and more recently as trade and economic development minister for Mr Yanukovych.
Other powerful business moguls include Vadim Novinsky, the third-richest man in Ukraine, and Serhiy Tigipko, a former presidential candidate and minister of labour. As the violence took a new turn this week, Mr Tigipko called for a new technocratic government to manoeuvre Ukraine away from the abyss.
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