The incident unfolded in the fourth quarter of Sunday's game, leading to Ramsey retaliating by grabbing Chase's face mask and punching him, which resulted in Ramsey's ejection.
The NFL confirmed the suspension was issued under a regulation addressing acts contrary to sportsmanship, despite Chase denying the allegation and the referee stating officials did not witness the event.
As a result of the ban, Chase will miss the Bengals' upcoming home game against New England and will forfeit at least $448,333.33 in base salary, with the right to appeal the decision.
This marks the second instance this season of the league punishing a player for spitting, following a similar act by Philadelphia Eagles defensive tackle Jalen Carter.