Fuchs, 39, was a member of Leicester City’s 2016 Premier League-winning team and previously worked as an assistant coach at MLS side Charlotte FC.
He replaces David Hughes, who was sacked last Saturday, with Newport currently at the bottom of League Two.
Chairman Huw Jenkins expressed optimism, stating Fuchs matches the club's ambition to improve their standing in the league.
Fuchs' first match in charge will be an away fixture against Oldham Athletic, as he aims to guide the team, currently four points from safety, out of the relegation zone.
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