In Nigeria’s disappearing forests, loggers outnumber trees

From 2001 to 2021, Nigeria lost over 1.1 million hectares of tree cover, a 11 per cent decrease, equal to 587 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions

Egbontoluwa Marigi paddles his logs out of the flooded forest floor onto the river in Ipare, Ondo state, Nigeria (Reuters)

Deep in a forest in Nigeria’s Ebute Ipare village, Egbontoluwa Marigi sized up a tall mahogany tree, methodically cut it down with his axe and machete, and as it fell with a crackling sound, he surveyed the forest for the next tree.

Around him, the stumps dotting the swampy forest were a reminder of trees that once stood tall but are fast disappearing to illegal logging in Ondo state, southwest Nigeria.

Cutting down trees for logging, opening up farmland or to feed energy demand for a growing population is putting pressure on Nigeria’s natural forests.

President Muhammadu Buhari told a Cop15 meeting in Abidjan, Ivory Coast in May that Nigeria had established a national forestry trust fund to help regenerate the country’s forests. That may not be enough as the country loses forests at a faster pace.

Egbontoluwa Marigi, holding his axe, surveys the forest (Reuters)

Marigi poses for a portrait during a smoke break (Reuters)

“Protecting the forest means protecting ourselves. When we destroy the forest, we destroy humanity,” said Femi Obadun, director of forest management for Ondo state’s agriculture ministry.

It’s something Marigi knows all too well, but his priority is to eke out a living.

“We could cut down over 15 trees in one location, but now if we manage to see two trees, it will look like a blessing to us,” the father of two said.

Komiyo Ikuejamoye cuts a felled tree as Bayo watches (Reuters)

Hunters carry monkeys they have just killed in the forest (Reuters)

From 2001 to 2021, Nigeria lost 1.14 million hectares of tree cover, equivalent to a 11 per cent decrease in tree cover since 2000 and equal to 587 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions, according to Global Forest Watch, a platform that provides data and monitors forests.

“We don’t sleep at night during the journey. We monitor the logs and make sure that [they don’t] detach from the tugboat,” Marigi told Reuters.

The boat stops at several locations to pick up more loggers and their rafts. A single boat can carry up to a thousand rafts, each containing as many as 30 logs.

Ikuejamoye arranges logs on the river in Ipare (Reuters)

Elewuro, the captain of the tug boat, controls the collection of rafts attached to his boat (Reuters)

After felling the trees, Marigi put markers on them, a message to other loggers that he is the owner. The logs will be transported via creeks and rivers all the way to Nigeria’s commercial capital, Lagos.

“During the time of our forefathers, we had big trees but sadly what we have now are just small trees and we don’t even allow them to mature before we cut them,” Marigi said.

Months after cutting the trees, Marigi returns to the forest to pull the logs together and fasten them into rafts. He has a collection of more than 40 logs.

Rafts made of logs transported from Ondo state and other parts of the country are gathered in the Lagos lagoon (Reuters)

Sawmill workers roll a log out of the Lagos lagoon at the Ebute Metta sawmill in Lagos (Reuters)

With other loggers, they have put together money to hire a tugboat to pull the rafts from Ondo state to Lagos.

Makeshift shelters on the rafts are made from wood and help shield Marigi and his friends from the weather. Food is shared while they belt out local folk songs to lift spirits.

Marigi’s journey ends at a lagoon in Lagos, where rafts from Ondo state and other parts of the country converge and the logs are processed at sawmills and sold.