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Professors take same ‘smart drugs’ as students to keep up with workloads, claims academic

As many as one in five academics having admitted to taking so-called 'brain boosters' such as Modafinil, says Cambridge neurologist

Education Correspondent

Tuesday 30 May 2017 14:39 BST

Previous surveys suggest 'smart drugs' are becoming increasingly popular among students – with as many as 25 per cent admitting to taking them as a way of coping with workload pressures (Getty)

University professors are taking the same banned ‘smart’ drugs as their students to help them get through heavy workloads, a Cambridge University academic has said.

As many as one in five professors admit using drugs such as M odafinil to help them concentrate in meetings and prepare grant applications, The Times reported.

According to Dr Hannah Critchlow, a neuroscience researcher at the top-ranking institution, hundreds of students had also admitted to buying smart drugs online in the hope of being able to “expand their mind”.

Speaking at the Hay Festival, she said the drugs that were typically being bought were the same ones commonly prescribed by doctors for Alzheimer’s sufferers.

Last year, The Independent reported that more UK students were turning “brain boosting” drugs including Modafinil and Noopept than ever before.

While it is illegal to sell either drug in the UK without a prescription, it is not illegal to buy them, and a number of community groups on social media website suggest the stimulants are readily available to order.

The Home Office has warned against the potentially dangerous effects of Noopept – a fine white powder said to boost memory recall.

Negative side effects reported including feeling anxious or jittery, acting “out of character,” severe migraines and an increased heart rate.

Previous surveys suggest such drugs have become increasingly popular with students – with one suggesting as many as 25 per cent had taken them as a way of coping with workload pressures and increased emphasis on scoring good grades as higher education becomes an ever costlier endeavour.

Speaking at the festival, Dr Critchlow said smart drugs did appear to increase working memory, but warned the long-term effects were not yet clear.

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Show all 10

1/10World's 10 deadliest street drugs

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Whoonga

Whoonga is a combination of antiretroviral drugs, used to treat HIV, and various cutting agents such as detergents and poisons. The drug is widely available in South Africa due to South Africa’s high rate of HIV sufferers, and is believed to be popular due to how cheap it is when compared to prescribed antiretrovirals. The drug is highly addictive and can cause major health issues such as internal bleeding, stomach ulcers and ultimately death

Getty

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Scopolamine

Scopolamine is a derivative from the nightshade plant found in the Northern Indian region of South America (Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela). It is generally found in a refined powder form, but can also be found as a tea. The drug is more often used by criminals due its high toxicity level (one gram is believed to be able to kill up to 20 people) making it a strong poison. However, it is also believed that the drug is blown into the faces of unexpecting victims, later causing them to lose all sense of self-control and becoming incapable of forming memories during the time they are under the influence of the drug. This tactic has reportedly been used by gangs in Colombia where there have been reports of people using scopolamine as way to convince victims to rob their own homes

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Heroin

Founded in 1874 by C. R. Alder Wright, heroin is one of the world’s oldest drugs. Originally it was prescribed as a strong painkiller used to treat chronic pain and physical trauma. However in 1971 it was made illegal under the Misuse of Drugs Act. Since then it has become one of the most destructive substances in the world, tearing apart communities and destroying families. The side effects of heroin include inflammation of the gums, cold sweats, a weak immune system, muscular weakness and insomnia. It can also damage blood vessels which can later cause gangrene if left untreated

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Crack cocaine

Crack cocaine first came about in the 1980’s when cocaine became a widespread commodity within the drug trafficking world. Originally cocaine would have attracted a high price tag due to its rarity and difficulty to produce, but once it became more widespread the price dropped significantly. This resulted in drug dealers forming their cocaine into rock like shapes by using baking soda as a way of distilling the powder down into rock form. People were doing this because it allowed for them to sell cocaine at a lower quantity and to a higher number of people. The side effects of crack cocaine include liver, kidney and lung damage, as well as permanent damage to blood vessels, which can often lead to heart attacks, strokes, and ultimately death

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Crystal meth

Not just famous because of a certain Walter H White, but also because it is one of the most destructive drugs in the world. First developed in 1887, it became widely used during the Second World War when both sides would give it to their troops to keep them awake. It is also believed that the Japanese gave it to their Kamikaze pilots before their suicide missions. After the war crystal meth was prescribed as a diet aid and remained legal until the 1970s. Since then it has fallen into the hands of Mexican gangs and has become a worldwide phenomenon, spreading throughout Europe and Asia. The effects of crystal meth are devastating. In the short-term users will become sleep depraved and anxious, and in the long-term it will cause their flesh to sink, as well as brain damage and damage of the blood vessels

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

AH-7921

AH-7921 is a synthetic opioid that was previously available to legally purchase online from vendors until it became a Class A in January 2015. The drug is believed to have 80% of the potency of morphine, and became known as the ‘legal heroin’. While there has only been one death related to AH-7921 in the UK, it is believed to be highly dangerous and capable of causing respiratory arrest and gangrene

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Flakka

Flakka is a stimulant with a similar chemical make-up to the amphetamine-like drug found in bath salts. While the drug was originally marketed as a legal high alternative to ecstasy, the effects are significantly different. The user will feel an elevated heart rate, enhanced emotions, and, if enough is digested, strong hallucinations. The drug can cause permanent psychological damage due to it affecting the mood regulating neurons that keep the mind’s serotonin and dopamine in check, as well as possibly causing heart failure

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Bath salts

Bath salts are a synthetic crystalline drug that is prevalent in the US. While they may sound harmless, they certainly aren’t the sort of salts you drop into a warm bath when having a relaxing night in, they are most similar to mephedrone, and have recently been featured throughout social media due to the ‘zombification’ of its. The name comes from the fact that the drug was originally sold online, and widely disguised as bath salts. The side effects include unusual psychiatric behaviour, psychosis, panic attacks and violent behaviour, as well as the possibility of a heart attack and an elevated body temperature

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Purple Drank

One of the more unusual drugs around at the moment, purple drank was popularised in 90s hip hop culture, with the likes of Jay Z and Big Moe all mentioning it in their songs. It is a concoction of soda water, sweets and cold medicine, and is drunk due to cold medicines high codeine content, which gives the user a woozy feeling. However it can also cause respiratory issues and heart failure

World's 10 deadliest street drugs

Krokodil

Krokodil is Russia’s secret addiction. It is believed that over one million Russians are addicted to the drug. Users of krokodil are attracted to the drug due to its low price; it is sold at £20 a gram while heroin is sold for £60. However, krokodil is considered more dangerous than heroin because it is often homemade, with ingredients including painkillers, iodine, lighter fluid and industrial cleaning agents. This chemical make-up makes the drug highly dangerous and likely to cause gangrene, and eventually rotting of the flesh

“I’m absolutely not advocating that people go out and take Modafinil to help with their focus,” Dr Critchlow said. “What exactly the drugs will be doing for a healthy young brain — where there are lots of changes going on — the long-term effects of these drugs are not known yet.”

After revealing that 20 per cent of academic professors had admitted to taking them, Dr Critchlow warned of the dangers of buying them on the internet.

“[These are] drugs that are usually prescribed for patients who have attention hyperactivity disorder or Alzheimer’s to help with their memory or focus,” she said.

“Students are buying these drugs off the internet so it’s not particularly legal, they are taking these drugs in the hope that it will help with their revision for exams.

“There’s not a huge amount of data on how these drugs might help them in their revision and exams but they do seem to increase working memory.”

According to the Global Drug Survey’s 2016 report, Dark Web drug markets are growing, with almost on in 10 participants admitting to having bought some form of drug of the internet at some point in their life.

More recently, the research body found the proportion of UK drug users turning to dark web had doubled in just three years.

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