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Climate News Fears ants could be wiped out by rising temperatures Ants die if they encounter an environment warmer than the optimal point
'Pacman Frog' catches ants Your support helps us to tell the story From reproductive rights to climate change to Big Tech, The Independent is on the ground when the story is developing. Whether it's investigating the financials of Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC or producing our latest documentary, 'The A Word', which shines a light on the American women fighting for reproductive rights, we know how important it is to parse out the facts from the messaging.
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Your support makes all the difference. Read more Ants do not adjust their behaviour in response to soaring temperatures , meaning they may struggle to adapt to the climate crisis, a report has found.
Researchers at North Carolina State University showed that ants persisted in sub-optimal microhabitats even when optimal ones were present.
Ants are ectotherms ā animals whose body temperature depends on the environment. While these animals experience a range of temperatures in daily life, most ectotherms prefer habitats that are slightly cooler than the so-called optimal functioning temperature in which they are best able to perform all of lifeās functions, the report states.
An ectotherm will die if it encounters an environment warmer than the optimal point. Little is known, however, about how or even if insect ectotherms will adjust their behaviour to avoid warmer but still safe temperature ranges ā in which functioning is physiologically possible but not optimal ā which are increasingly likely due to global climate change.
āItās interesting that the worker ants we observed were willing to put themselves in uncomfortable situations while foraging,ā said Sara Prado, an adjunct professor and co-author of the study. āI wonder if the food was āprofitableā enough for the ants to stretch their comfort levels, or if they are simply willing to sacrifice their wellbeing for the sake of the colony.ā
To learn more about how insect species may respond to those warmer sub-lethal temperatures, researchers at the university studied five species of ant common in North Carolina.
The researchers used a unique ant thermometer to measure the temperature of the ants themselves, which varied by ant colour and body size. Secondly, to determine each speciesā preferred temperature, the researchers collected some ants for the lab and placed them in a rectangular chamber with a controlled temperature gradient.
The researchers found that the ants in the lab did have distinct thermal preferences, but ants in the field were active in their preferred climates only slightly more often than would be expected to occur by chance. Instead, most species were collected in sites that were warmer than preferred, suggesting a lack of awareness or some limitation in their ability to adjust to increasing temperatures .
āWarmer times and places make warmer ants, and theyāre not adjusting their activity to match their preferred conditions,ā said Elsa Youngsteadt, a professor of applied ecology at the university and a co-author of the study.
āFor now, this may be a trade-off that works out fine for them. But if you think of the huge biomass of ants underfoot, their metabolic rates are all creeping upward as the climate changes.
āEven if it doesnāt kill them outright, what does that amped-up metabolism mean for their life cycle and even the whole forest ecosystem?ā
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