Mr Jinping called for a peaceful resolution in a later call with Mr Trump.
The possibility of US military action against North Korea in response to missile tests gained traction after the US Navy fired 59 Tomahawk missiles at a Syrian airfield last week in response to a deadly gas attack.
South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se said he believed Washington would consult Seoul if it was considering a pre-emptive strike against the North.
"Under the South Korea-U.S. alliance, any important measure on the North is taken under consultation with the South Korea government and it will continue in the future," Mr Yun told a parliamentary hearing.
US/South Korea joint exercise Operation Pacific Reach
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US/South Korea joint exercise Operation Pacific Reach
1/10
US Marine soldiers patrol during the US-South Korea joint Exercise Operation Pacific Reach in Pohang, South Korea. North Korea is vowing tough counteraction to any military moves that might follow the US move to send the USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier and its battle group to waters off the Korean Peninsula
AP
2/10
South Korean soldiers take part in the Operation Pacific Reach joint logistic exercise in Pohang, South Korea
Reuters
3/10
North Korea is vowing tough counteraction to any military moves that might follow the US move to send the USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier and its battle group to waters off the Korean Peninsula
AP
4/10
South Korean marine soldiers stand guard during the US-South Korea joint Exercise Operation Pacific Reach in Pohang, South Korea
AP
5/10
A US Marine takes part in Operation Pacific Reach joint logistic exercise in Pohang, South Korea
Reuters
6/10
A US Marine takes a position during a Combined Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore (CJLOTS) exercise as part of a joint defence exercise at a beach in Pohang
Getty Images
7/10
South Korea and the United States kicked off a combined distribution exercise focused on integrating the two sides alliance logistics capabilities, in Pohang, 260 kms southeast of Seoul
Getty Images
8/10
South Korea and the United States kicked off a combined distribution exercise focused on integrating the two sides alliance logistics capabilities
Getty Images
9/10
A US Marine walks past a military vehicle during a Combined Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore (CJLOTS) exercise as part of a joint defence exercise in Pohang
Getty Images
10/10
US Marines gather at a beach during a Combined Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore (CJLOTS) exercise as part of a joint defence exercise in Pohang, 260 kms southeast of Seoul, South Korea
Getty Images
1/10
US Marine soldiers patrol during the US-South Korea joint Exercise Operation Pacific Reach in Pohang, South Korea. North Korea is vowing tough counteraction to any military moves that might follow the US move to send the USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier and its battle group to waters off the Korean Peninsula
AP
2/10
South Korean soldiers take part in the Operation Pacific Reach joint logistic exercise in Pohang, South Korea
Reuters
3/10
North Korea is vowing tough counteraction to any military moves that might follow the US move to send the USS Carl Vinson aircraft carrier and its battle group to waters off the Korean Peninsula
AP
4/10
South Korean marine soldiers stand guard during the US-South Korea joint Exercise Operation Pacific Reach in Pohang, South Korea
AP
5/10
A US Marine takes part in Operation Pacific Reach joint logistic exercise in Pohang, South Korea
Reuters
6/10
A US Marine takes a position during a Combined Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore (CJLOTS) exercise as part of a joint defence exercise at a beach in Pohang
Getty Images
7/10
South Korea and the United States kicked off a combined distribution exercise focused on integrating the two sides alliance logistics capabilities, in Pohang, 260 kms southeast of Seoul
Getty Images
8/10
South Korea and the United States kicked off a combined distribution exercise focused on integrating the two sides alliance logistics capabilities
Getty Images
9/10
A US Marine walks past a military vehicle during a Combined Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore (CJLOTS) exercise as part of a joint defence exercise in Pohang
Getty Images
10/10
US Marines gather at a beach during a Combined Joint Logistics Over-the-Shore (CJLOTS) exercise as part of a joint defence exercise in Pohang, 260 kms southeast of Seoul, South Korea
Getty Images
A Washington-based think tank that monitors North Korea, 38 North, said satellite images taken on Wednesday showed continued activity around the North's Punggye-ri nuclear test site on the east coast that showed it was ready for a new test.
South Korean officials said there were no new signs to indicate a North Korean nuclear test was more likely, although they also said the North has maintained a state of readiness to conduct such a test at any time.
North Korea has warned of a nuclear attack on the United States at any sign of American aggression.
The North is technically at war with the United States and South Korea after the 1950-53 Korean War ended in a truce rather than a peace treaty.
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